Neonatal resuscitation — MR SOPA
Newborn ventilation troubleshooting
Mnemonic device
MR SOPA
Mapping
M
Mask adjustment — reseal
R
Reposition airway — sniffing position
S
Suction mouth + nose
O
Open mouth — slight extension
P
Pressure ↑ — gradual increase to 30-40 cm H2O if needed
A
Alternative airway — LMA or ETT
Clinical note: Use when initial PPV (positive pressure ventilation) is not raising chest. After establishing effective ventilation, reassess HR — most neonatal arrests are RESPIRATORY in origin (oxygenation fixes them).