ASA Physical Status — I to VI
Preoperative health classification
Mnemonic device
ASA-PS
Mapping
I
Healthy, non-smoker, minimal alcohol
II
Mild systemic disease (current smoker, social drinker, pregnancy, controlled HTN/DM, BMI 30-40)
III
Severe systemic disease, not incapacitating (poorly controlled HTN/DM, COPD, BMI ≥40, ESRD on dialysis, MI/CVA/CAD/stent >3 mo)
IV
Severe systemic disease that is constant threat to life (recent <3 mo MI/CVA/stent, ongoing ischemia, severe valve disease, sepsis, DIC, ARDS, ESRD not on dialysis)
V
Moribund, not expected to survive without surgery (ruptured AAA, massive trauma, intracranial bleed with mass effect)
VI
Brain-dead organ donor
E suffix
Emergency — adds to any class (e.g., 'IIE')
Clinical note: ASA-PS predicts perioperative mortality (≥III correlates with significant ↑ risk). Used for risk discussion + billing + outcomes research. Documented at every anesthetic.